News for Healthier Living

New Mcmaster-Made Drug Candidate Shows Promise as a Brain Cancer Treatment

A next-generation cancer therapy being developed at McMaster University has shown early promise as a treatment candidate for glioblastoma, the most aggressive and most common type of primary brain cancer in adults.

May 13, 2026

May 16 2026

• FDA Blocked Melanoma Drug As Confusion Reigned Under Makary

May 15 2026

• Patients with Prior C-Sections More Likely to Successfully Complete Vaginal Birth at Hospitals Serving More Black Patients
• Yale Cancer Center Researchers Highlight Breakthroughs Across Cancer Care at ASCO 2026
• CHLA Researchers Contribute to Landmark NEJM Pediatric Septic Shock Trial
• New Publication Finds Abortion Bans Are Straining the OBGYN Workforce
• Finding Calm Through Meditation, Music and Awe
• FDA Approves AI Sepsis Tool That Detects Infection Hours Earlier Than Doctors
• PCOS Gets a New Name in Landmark Women's Health Shift
• Novel CAR T Cell Therapy Developed by UT MD Anderson Researchers Moves Into Clinical Studies
• Novel Drug Shows Promise for Treating Advanced Kidney Cancer
• High School Researcher Presents AI Diagnostic Tool for Rural Spinal Care at Dartmouth Rural Health Symposium
• New Wearable Polygraph Tracks Hidden Stress In Babies, Adults
• Major Review: Antidepressants Safe in Pregnancy, No Added Risk of Autism or ADHD in Kids
• How Gun Violence News Coverage Is Harming America's Mental Health
• AI Chatbots Lure U.S. Teens With Fun, Romance and Hidden Dangers
• License To Deliver: Some Midwives Break The Law To Assist With Home Births
• New Survey Reveals that Singaporeans Know More about Dementia But Nearly 7 in 10 are Unsure Where to Seek Help
• Bacteria May Hold a Cancer Treatment Clue
• At-Home Monitoring Device Could Improve Asthma Care for Pediatric Patients
• UCLA Researchers and Surgeons Will Present on Key Developments in Urologic Health at the Annual American Urological Association Meeting

May 14 2026

• Finding a Better Way to Treat Chronic Pain in Veterans
• Why Does Melanoma Spread to the Brain? A Yale Team Is Chasing the Answer
• To Fight Cancer, Try Adding Exercise
• Hidden Small RNA Determines if Cholera Bacterium Can Infect Humans
• For Veterinarians in Training, AI Helps Instructors Improve Feedback
• UT MD Anderson Shares Latest Research Breakthroughs
• Steroid Use Falls, but Creatine Use Climbs Rapidly
• UC San Diego Researchers Shine a Light on Peripheral Artery Disease
• Mayo Clinic Study Finds 1 in 8 Adults Carries Hidden Genetic Risk -- and Reveals What It Takes to Act on It
• RWJBarnabas Health Experts: Why Early Signs of Brain Tumors Are Easy to Dismiss
• RWJBarnabas Health Experts: Why Early Signs of Brain Tumors Are Easy to Dismiss
• American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) to host Annual Meeting in Boston, September 26-30
• Missing Patient Information in SEER Database May Create "Blind Spots" in Cancer Data
• Protein Coordinates Responses to Environmental Stress
• The Art of Healing: Students Find Meaning and Beauty Through Writing and Art
• Tending The Frontier: Pietro De Camilli and the Cell Biology of Neurons
• Dietary Fats Shape Pancreatic Cancer Risk via Ferroptosis
• U.S. Overdose Deaths Fell to Pre-Pandemic Levels in 2025
• Too Little or Too Much Sleep Ages Every Organ in Your Body
• Tired? We Can Hear It in Your Voice #ASA190
• New Marker Aids Diagnosis for Aggressive Prostate Cancer
• School Recess Key To Learning, Says The American Academy of Pediatrics
• Drug Shows Benefit for Treating Recurrent Uterine Cancer
• Naming Emotions Can Help Autistic People Cope With Anxiety, Study Finds
• Combined Sensory-and-Motor Function Score May Help Assess Cognitive Impairment Often Underlying Dementia
• Smart Nanoparticles Turn 'Cold' Tumors Hot: A New Era in Cancer Immunotherapy
• Heart Attack Survivors Have Higher Risk Of Brain Decline
• Nanotechnology Special Issue Spotlights Smart Platforms While Advancing Precision Cancer Therapy
• Houston Methodist Researchers Develop AI Platform to Decode How Cells 'Talk' in Cancer, Alzheimer's and Other Complex Diseases
• FSU Study Warns Routine Coastal Flooding Could Become Deadly for Older Adults
• Not Just an Energy Drink: National Study Finds Kratom Use Is Rising
• Advancing Perioperative Medicine Central to Future of Healthcare
• New Brain Stimulation Technique Improves Parkinson's Symptoms Without Surgery
• New Analysis in JNCCN Offers Evidence for Effective Use of Medication to Combat Fatigue in People with Cancer
• Trump And Kennedy Seek To Relax Safeguards For AI Healthcare Tools
• Flawed but Correctable Research Hindered Progress in Infection-Triggered Chronic Conditions, including Lyme disease and Long COVID
• How to Overcome Global Price Barriers for New Alzheimer's Drugs
• Most Who Meet Proposed CTE Criteria Do Not Show Disease Signs at Autopsy

May 13 2026

• An Updated Stance on the Benefits of School Recess
• New Study Aims to Map How Menopause Shapes the Aging Brain
• New Mcmaster-Made Drug Candidate Shows Promise as a Brain Cancer Treatment
• From Molecules to Meaning: A Search Engine for the Chemistry of Life
• The Medical Minute: New Stroke Guidance Expands Treatment Window and Saves Lives
• Mayo Clinic Researchers Identify Molecule Linked to Treatment-Resistant Inflammatory Bowel Disease
• Basic to Breakthrough: Novel Detector Technologies Improve Breast Cancer Imaging and Cancer Treatment
• How Does Pregnancy Affect Myasthenia Gravis?
• FDA Commissioner Marty Makary Resigns After Trump Pressure
• GLP-1 Drugs May Improve Breast Cancer Outcomes
• Understanding the Health Paradox: Study Explores Factors Influencing White Men's Well-Being
• Applying Bundles of Best Practices Improves Outcomes of Pediatric Surgery, Clinical Trial Finds
• Study May Help Predict Response to Chemotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
• Houston Methodist Develops First Personalized mRNA Cancer Vaccine for Osteosarcoma
• Ted Turner's Brain Disease More Common Than Previously Thought, Review Finds
• AI for Pulmonary Embolism Detection Matches Radiologists in 97.8% of 32,000+ Real World CT Angiograms
• Ivermectin Prescriptions Doubled After Mel Gibson Cancer Cure Claim
• Everyday Air Pollution Linked to Poorer Brain Function, Study Finds
• Eating Out Linked To Obesity Risk Worldwide
• He Said, She Said: Why Men and Women Experience the World Differently #ASA190
• Perimenopausal Women Face Greater Heart Risk, Study Finds
• Closing the Loop on Disease: How Circular RNAs Are Reshaping Diagnosis and Therapy
• Low Wages, Empty Plates, Heavy Toll: Rethinking Suicide Prevention
• Molecular Grappling Hooks Improve Cancer Drug Targeting and Effectiveness
• Children's Hospital Los Angeles Study Explores How Genetic Testing May Inform SSRI Prescribing for Pediatric Patients

May 12 2026

• Air Pollution Is Hurting Athletic Performance and Health
• Rural-Urban Divide: Neighborhood Conditions Shape Teen Smoking
• Stage IV Breast Cancer Increasing in Incidence and Proportion Over the Last Decade, New Study Finds
• A Magician's Tremor Disappears with Focused Ultrasound
• US/UK Food Allergy Researchers Predict Oral Food Challenge Tests as an Obstacle to Future Food Allergy Trials
• Focused Ultrasound Foundation Launches Veterinary Campaign with a Transformative Gift
• What Is Ghrelin? Rethinking the Body's 'Hunger Hormone'
• Focused Ultrasound for Canine Cancer: Two Clinical Trials Launched at Purdue University
• Frequent Exposure to Media on Real-World Gun Violence Is Linked to Mental Health Risks
• New Genomic Approaches Uncover Surprising Cellular Dynamics of the Aging Brain
• Data Hidden in Tuberculosis Screening Tests Sheds Light on Patients' Overall Mortality
• Alzheimer's Drug Development Pipeline Shows Impressive Growth and Diversity of Therapies
• Fall Prevention and Delirium Screening are the Most Effective Interventions for Improving Surgical Outcomes in Older Adults
• Scanxiety: How to Recognize and Manage Imaging-Related Stress
• University Hospitals Integrates Fullscript into EHR to Streamline Supplement Recommendations and Give Doctors Better Insight into Patients' Actions
• UNC Researchers Find Increased Bacteria Infection in Patients with Chronic Lung Disease
• US Monitors For Hantavirus As WHO Expects More Cases But 'Not Another COVID'
• Millions of Women Suffer in Silence From Treatable Pelvic Organ Prolapse
• Ivermectin Prescriptions More Than Doubled After a Celebrity Endorsed It as a Cancer Treatment on a High-Profile Podcast
• Penn Research Into Friedreich's Ataxia Reveals How DNA Folding Can Silence a Key Gene
• HSS Research Supports Routine Imaging Before and After ACL Surgery in Growing Children
• Painting the Giant: NSF Green Bank Telescope Gets Critical Makeover
• Human Islet Function, Diabetes Risk Defined by Heterogeneous Endocrine Cell Composition
• Telemedicine Not Breaking The Bank, Also Not Expanding Patient Access
• After-School Sports An Overall Boon To Children And Teens, Study Shows
• Program Announced for NUTRITION 2026 to Be Held July 25-28
• What's Fueling The High U.S. Death Rate? It Might Not Be What You Think
• Dr. Swiecicki's Clinical and Research Interests Are Primarily in Head and Neck Cancer and Early-Stage Therapeutics
• Future Cancer Therapy Could Use Immunity to Clean Up Damaged DNA by Modulating AUF1
• Why Are Older Adults Taking Edibles? Survey Reveals Some Surprises
• Trump Promised Cheaper Drugs. Some Prices Dropped. Many Others Shot Up
• SLEEP 2026 Marks 40 Years of Advancing the Sleep Field at Annual Meeting in Baltimore
• DNA 'Barcodes' Help NUS Researchers Pinpoint Gold Nanoparticles That Can Strike Cancer at Its Power Source
• Personalized Vaccine Shows Promise Against Aggressive Brain Cancer
• Gene-Edited Stem Cell Transplant Shows Promise for Aggressive Blood Cancers
• Breakthrough Blood Test Could Detect Heart and Kidney Disease Earlier Than Ever Before

May 11 2026

• Diabetes, Weight-Loss Drugs Not a Perfect Fit?
• Hidden Cell "Message Route" Could Shift Cancer Research
• Urine Test Better Than Mri for Monitoring Low-Risk Prostate Cancer in New Study
• Researchers Track the Mutations That Allow HIV-1 to Escape Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies
• Low-Dose Radiation Therapy for Osteoarthritis Now Offered at UC San Diego Health
• Moffitt Study Suggests Immunotherapy May Strengthen Treatment for Aggressive Prostate Cancer
• Stroke's Alarming Rise in Younger Americans Underscores Urgent Need for New Rehab Approach
• Understanding Clinical Trials: What Patients Need to Know
• Persistent Hunger May Be Behind Weight Regain After Loss
• Single Screening Sigmoidoscopy Linked to Lower Colorectal Cancer Risk Two Decades Later
• Heat-Related Hospitalizations Rose Nationwide Over Two Decades, with Black Adults and Low-Income Communities Disproportionately Affected
• ACP Says Telemedicine Can Offer Safe, Equitable, and Effective Access to Clinical Care, but Improvements to the Regulatory Landscape Are Needed
• New Commentary Shares Strategies to Address the Primary Care Physician Shortage
• FDA Green Lights Bizengri Drug To Treat Rare, Aggressive Bile Duct Cancer
• 8,500 Steps A Day Could Be Sweet Spot For Preventing Weight Regain
• Telemedicine Has Not Led to Increased Use of Medical Care or Higher Health Care Costs, New UCLA-Led Research Finds
• After Decades of Mystery Pain, UTHealth Houston Physician Delivers a Diagnosis
• Older Adults Have Fewer Regrets, Study Says
• Why Doctors Are Quitting At An Earlier Age
• Sharper Brains May Face Higher Depression Relapse Risk, Study Finds
• Vertigo Can Carry Lasting Burden Even After Successful Treatment, Seven-Year Study Finds
• New Research Identifies How Obesity Alters Brain Lipids to Accelerate Alzheimer's Progression
• Nighttime Heat Waves Increase Asthma Risk
• Safer Surgeries Through Laser-Induced Acoustic Imaging #ASA190
• That Discount At The Pharmacy Counter May Pack Hidden Costs
• New Clues to Disease Severity Identified in alpha1-Antitrypsin Deficiency
• Love Multiplied by Four
• From the Fairway to the Hallways of Joseph M. Sanzari Children's Hospital at Hackensack University Medical Center

May 10 2026

• Houston Woman Becomes City's First Known Patient to Receive an Innovative Double-Lung Transplant to Treat Terminal Lung Cancer

May 8 2026

• The ROSALIND Breakthrough: Fluorescent RNA as a Global Health Tool
• Advanced Imaging Provides Precision Lens for Treating Stroke
• Cruise Ship Hantavirus Outbreak Kills 3 as WHO Says Risk Is Low
• Extra Sets of Chromosomes May Help Aggressive Tumor Cells Spread, Study Finds
• May is American Stroke Month: University Hospitals Offers Free Screenings and Educational Events
• New AI Tool Could Replace Costly Cancer Gene Expression Profiling
• UCLA Researchers Help Lead National Effort to Improve Care for Patients with Glioblastoma
• A Hidden Inheritance Could Explain Disease Risks Beyond Dna
• Calculating Cancer Risk Through the Genetic Fingerprints of Tumors
• RFK Jr. Launches Plan To Curb Antidepressant 'Overprescription'
• New Study Suggests The Brain Can Continue Learning While In An Unconscious State
• A Pint of Hope: Developing a Shelf-Stable Blood Substitute
• Plant-Based Foods May Help Lower Risk of High Blood Pressure
• Could patchouli oil save your skin from mosquito bites?
• Study Reveals Why Older Adults Are Using Cannabis Edibles
• When the Clues to an Unknown Identity Are Hidden Inside the Mouth
• A New Theory for How Tissues Grow, Break, and Heal
• Attention to Sex Differences, Relapse Needed in Early-Stage Studies of Medication to Treat Alcohol Use Disorder
• Improving Relationship Quality May Support Recovery from Alcohol Use Disorder
• People with Alcohol Use Disorder and Obesity May Have Metabolic Alterations That Raise the Risk of Relapse, Study Suggests
• TV, Movies Offer Flawed Depictions Of Autism, Add To Delayed Diagnosis, Study Says
• Opioid OD Survivors Have Triple Rate Of Repeat Overdoses Than Previously Estimated
• Super Shoes Might Increase Risk Of Running Injuries, Study Says
• Exposure Therapy Can Successfully Ease Peanut Allergies
• A New Medicare Option For Weight Loss Drugs: What Older Americans Should Know

May 7 2026

• National Study Seeks to Improve Sleep in the ICU
• Putting Patients at the Center of Lupus Research and Care
• Tufts Launchpad | BioLabs Thrives on Scientific Community
• Mouse Study Suggests High-Fat Diets During Pregnancy Worsen Severe GI Illness in Preterm Babies
• How One Nurse's Compassion in the NICU Helped Shape a Teen Mom's Future
• Pensacola Museum of History to open "Road to Revolution" exhibit in partnership with America250
• New Material Approach Could Lead to Lower-Power Devices
• Building the Next Generation of Cedars-Sinai Nurses
• 24-Hour Rest-Activity Rhythms Linked to Rate of Biological Aging
• NASA's Roman Telescope Poised to Transform Hunt for Elusive Neutron Stars
• New Study Finds Rx Kids Associated with Significant Reductions in Infant Maltreatment Investigations
• Inherited Long Telomeres May Drive Broad Risk for Lymphoid Cancers
• LJI Scientists Take Crucial Step in Developing World's First Measles Treatment
• Scientists Finally See Inside the 'Black Box' of Depression Treatment
• Mothers Helping Mothers: Vanderbilt Clarksville Hospital's Milk Depot Surpasses Expectations in First Year, Fueling Hope for Fragile Infants
• Every 1,000 Steps After Surgery Cuts Complication Risk, Study Finds
• Class of Migraine Drug Has Added Benefit: Reduced Glaucoma Risk
• Head Impacts May Disrupt Gut Health Even Without Concussion
• Bullying and Politics Fuel Suicide Risk for LGBTQ+ Teens and Young Adults, Survey Finds
• Toxic Mercury Exposure Might Harm the Body's Metabolism, Study Finds
• Driving Data and Vehicle Sensors Help Detect Early Cognitive Decline
• States Eye Aid to Prop Up Distressed Hospitals Amid Federal Medicaid Cuts
• Wellpath Demonstrates Industry Leading Financial Strength and a Renewed Focus on Care Delivery
• RAS(ON) Inhibitor Daraxonrasib Shows Promising Results in Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Phase 1/2 Study
• NEOMED Researchers Advance Precision Medicine to Deliver the Right Drug, at the Right Dose, for Every Patient
• New Ultrasonic Needle Yields Samples 2-3 Times Larger, Potentially Reshaping Cancer Diagnostics

May 6 2026

• Renowned Scientist Nancy S. Wexler Shares Extraordinary Personal and Scientific Journey in New Memoir, My Life, My Science: Pursuing a Cure for Huntington's Disease
• 'Atomic Snapshots' of Proofreading Enzyme Could Lead to Better COVID-19 Drugs
• RAS Inhibitor Daraxonrasib Demonstrates Initial Anti-Tumor Activity in Pancreatic Cancer
• ASCO 2026 Tip Sheet - Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center
• Mount Sinai Study Identifies New Strategy to Overcome Immunotherapy Resistance in Colorectal Cancer
• Two Surgical Paths, One Hope: Long-Term Recovery After Childhood Caustic Esophageal Injury
• Heavy Air Pollution is Linked to Worse Post-Surgical Outcomes
• Mayo Clinic and Stanford Researchers Develop First Blood Test to Map Tumor "Neighborhoods," Improving Prediction of Therapy Response
• Hidden Risks in the Medicine Cabinet: Opioids and Older Adult Safety
• AI-Powered Electrocardiogram Detects Early Signs of Heart Failure
• What Happens When Pediatric Cardiologists Lead Acute Care?
• URI Study Seeks to Stave Off Mitochondrial Dysfunction Believed to Cause Aging
• Elective MRIs Risk More Harm Than Good
• Doctors Urge Caution Regarding Elective MRI in New Editorial
• UWF Center for Cybersecurity and AI earns national recognition for outstanding contributions to the field
• Certain Migraine Prevention Drugs Associated with Reduced Risk of Glaucoma
• FDA Authorizes Fruit-Flavored Vapes for Adults
• People with Poor Mental Health Report Worse Care Worldwide
• Edibles + Alcohol Combo Poses Driving Risks Missed by Sobriety Tests
• VR Training Helps Autistic People Navigate Police Encounters
• One Thousand More Steps: A Simple, Powerful Prescription for Surgical Recovery
• Fewer Insects, Fewer Nutritious Crops: Pollinator Decline Puts Our Health at Risk
• New Kind of CRISPR Could Treat Viral Infection and Cancer by Shredding Sick Cells' DNA
• Evolutionary Processes Shape Bacterial Populations in the Human Gut
• A Milestone for Household Child Safety: A Lithium Coin-Cell Battery with Ingestion Burn Protection Claims Reaches Marketplace
• Dr. Robert A. Gatenby Is a Physician-Scientist and Internationally Recognized Pioneer in Mathematical Oncology
• Weight Loss Surgeries Fall More Than 20% As Patients Turn To GLP-1 Meds, Experts Say
• Children Living Near Gas Stations Have Higher Cancer Risk, Study Finds
• First Psych Ward Stay Signals Long-Term Mental Health Struggles For Nearly All Patients
• Scientists Find Blood-Based Biomarkers for Inflammatory Breast Cancer
• Why Melatonin Shouldn't Be A Bedtime Go-To For Kids
• Sprawl Rankings Reveal Health Benefits and Cost Offsets in Compact, Connected U.S. County and Metro Areas
• HHS' Healthy Food Agenda Puts Hospitals On Notice About Patients' Meals

May 5 2026

• Tip Sheet: Improving Outcomes for Stem Cell Transplants, Exploring the Link Between Solar Jetlag and Liver Cancer -- and Expanding Cancer Treatment Targets
• Researchers Find Biomarker of Chemotherapy Resistance in Relapsed Lung Cancer
• Illinois Grainger Findings Challenge Traditional Neuroscience
• A Safe Staffing Policy for Pennsylvania Could Prevent Deaths and Produce Savings to Help Fund Improved Staffing, New Study Finds
• RPI Researchers Develop New Approach to Treating Chronic Neuropathic Pain Without Side Effects
• The Scientist Designing a Tailored Attack on Glioblastoma
• Medical Cannabinoids Could Be Safer Alternative for Dementia Patients
• Supreme Court Issues Stay, Keeping Abortion Pill Mifepristone Available by Mail For Now
• Newer Migraine Drugs Reduce Headache Days With Fewer Side Effects
• Mapping Cancerous Tissue with a Hand-Held Probe
• New Warning Labels Might Help People Cut Back On Drinking
• MimiVax and Roswell Park Open Phase 2 Trial of SurVaxM for Patients with Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
• New Drug Combo Effective Against Treatment-Resistant IBD, Trials Show
• How Big Tech's New Health AI Assistants are Redefining Care
• Ozempic Can Curb Cravings in Alcohol Use Disorder, Landmark Trial Finds
• Access to Anti-Inflammatory Inhalers for Everyone with Asthma - Still an Urgent Need
• US on the Brink of Losing Measles-free Status, Study Warns
• FAU Review: Obesity and Alzheimer's Linked by Disease-Driving Metabolic Pathways
• Delays in Visa Program Threaten Doctor Placements in Underserved Areas
• Alzheimer's Drug Development Pipeline Shows Impressive Growth and Diversity of Therapies
• Cross Country Healthcare, FAU Release 2026 State of Nursing Report
• From Compost to Clinic

May 4 2026

• Unmasking Autism Spectrum Disorder Through Its Gene-Based Roots
• Cannabis Microdosing More Common Than Psychedelics Among U.S. Adults, National Survey Finds
• New Research Shows Primary Care Training Improves Dementia Detection
• LA28: Inside the Medical Playbook
• Improving How Multiple Myeloma Is Understood and Treated
• UWF IDT Students Earn Top Honors at ISPI Case Study Competition
• Cedars-Sinai Adds Stem Cell Skill to Key Parkinson's Disease Study
• Postpartum Pain: Causes and How to Find Relief
• Lower Volume Bowel Preparation as Effective and Safe as Higher Volume Regimen for Inpatient Colonoscopy
• 70% of Veteran Hospitalizations for Alcohol Use Disorder Do Not Include Medication Treatment
• Amputations Among Opioid-Related Hospitalizations Increased Rapidly Between 2016 and 2022
• Newer Migraine Prevention Medications Offer Modest Benefit for Chronic Migraine
• FDA Green Lights Expanded Access to Pancreatic Cancer Drug, Daraxonrasib
• Online Misinformation Adding To Americans' Skin Cancer Risk, Survey Finds
• Social Media Videos, Easy Access Raise Risk of Teen Inhalant Use
• Nonprofit Hospitals Spend Billions on Management Consultants with No Clear Effect
• A Malaria Prevention Innovation Designed for Refugee Settings
• Managing Your Weight May Keep Your Brain Healthier for Longer
• Researchers Find Potential One-Two Punch Against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
• Pandora Mission Images Help Prepare for Exoplanet Atmosphere Observations
• 'Fitspirational' Posts Can Be More Harmful Than Motivational, Review Concludes
• JMIR News: Diversity Under Threat as Clinical Trials Face Disruptions
• Surgeon Multitasking Increases Death Risk Of Organ Transplantees
• Emergency Departments Failing Australians with Psychosocial Disability
• Parents’ Stress Tied to Children’s Mental Health, New Survey Finds
• NIH Research Points to New Therapeutic Opportunities for Retinal Diseases
• Corewell Health Offers New, Advanced Immunotherapy Option for Metastatic Melanoma
• When Natural Disasters Strike, Another Crisis Hits Those Recovering From Opioid Addiction
• Living Near a Gas Station Increases Cancer Risk